deCODE scientists today announced the discovery of two more genetic variants linked with increased risk of prostate cancer. These variants have been integrated into the prostate cancer disease module in deCODEme™, and subscribers can check for them in their updated personal profile.

These latest SNPs are the fourth set of variants that deCODE has linked to prostate cancer risk. They are single-letter variations in the genome - SNPs - located on chromosome 2 and on the X chromosome. The SNPs confer relatively modest increases in risk - of approximately 20% and 15% per copy carried, respectively - but because they are also quite common they are each believed to contribute to about 5% of prostate cancer cases. They were found through the analysis of 300,000 SNPs in 23,000 Icelanders in deCODE’s prostate cancer studies, and then confirmed in an analysis of more than 15,500 individuals from seven different cohorts from Europe and the United States.

Published studies by major academic research groups in the United States and Europe have over the past month provided strong validation of the role of the other common risk variants, on chromosomes 8 and 17, discovered by deCODE in 2006 and 2007. Altogether, the prostate cancer risk variants now included in deCODEme™ contribute to more than 50% of all cases of the disease. Because of these variants, 10% of men are at twice the risk and 1% of men are at three times the risk of the disease in the general population.

For those subscribers who believe they should consider having a DNA-based diagnostic test for prostate cancer risk variants that they can use with their doctor, deCODE has also just launched deCODEPrCa™, the first such test aimed at understanding individual risk of the disease.